K. S. Bhatia , B. Narain , J. Nath

Abstract

Among the three important soil groups of Utter Pradesh, six soil types from Kanpur (Central alluvium), four soil types from Jhansi (Bundelkhand region) and six soil types from Mirzapur (Vindhyan region) were selected to study the relative erodibility in relation to their nutritional behaviour. A considerable variation in the nutrient status among the alluvial Bundelkhand and Vlndhyan group of soils was observed. Soils of Bundelkhand region were found richer in divalent cations while Vindhyan region soils were richer in organic carbon and better supplied with nitrogen content as compared to others. Phosphorus contents were almost similar in all the three groups. Alluvial region soils were found richer in potash content. All the soils under study were found erosive in nature. The order of erodibility, in general, was: Bundelkhand soils >Alluvial soils >Vindhyan soils. Surface soils were found more erodible than sub-surface soils in all the types of soils in three regions. Erosion ratio was significantly and positively correlated with dispersion ratio, easily dispersible silt × clay, and negatively with clay/moisture equivalent ratio. The significant negative correlations were observed between erosion ratio and cation exchange capacity, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. These correlations indicated that nutrient losses were directly related to the erosional behaviour of soils.

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K. S. Bhatia

Abstract

Eighteen treatments comprising of three spacings-1.5 m × 1.5 m (S₁), 2.5 m × 2.5 m (S₂) 3 m × 3 m (S₃); three irrigations-no watering (I₁), 4 waterings (I₂), 8 waterings (I³), and two levels of manuring-control i.e. no manuring (M₁); Manuring @ 2 baskets of F.Y.M. per pit (M₂), were tried in planting of Eucalyptus hybrid on the eroded alluvial soils at the Soil Conservation Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh State. The experiment was laid out in 'Single split plot (3² × 2) design. The results of the study indicate that wider spacing 3 m × 3 m (S₃ and 8 waterings (I₂) gave significantly better height and diameter growth and number of branches over closer spacing and no watering or less waterings. Application of F.Y.M. @ 2 baskets per pit has significant effect in improving plant growth in such poor soils. It is, therefore, necessary for successful afforestation of Eucalyptus hybrid on eroded and poor sites to adopt wider spacings to avoid competition, irrigation in the early stages and manuring to satisfy the demands of the nutrients from such lands.

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K. S. Bhatia , R. S. Singh

Abstract

Rainfall data for the twenty years period from non-recording raingauge and fifteen years period from syphon type automatic raingauge for Rehmankhera, Lacknow has been analysed in this paper for rainfall intensities for various duration, estimation of extreme probable maximum rainfall, erosion index values and their correlation with soil loss, so that data is readily available for soil conservation works. Expected maximum rainfall intensities for different duration and recurrence interval have been calculated so that peak rate of runoff is predicated by putting the value of I in the runoff equation Q = CIA. The probable yearly maximum rainfall has been found as 1726 mm. The erosion index values bave been found as 219,318 and 404 for 2,5 and 10 years frequency respectively, The mean monthly EI values have also been calculated. Erosion-index distribution curve has been prepared to indicate erosion hazards at various stages of crop growth and EI values have been correlated with soil loss.

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K. S. Bhatia , R. N. Gupta , R. S. Singh

Abstract

Twenty years rainfall data of Rehmankhera (Lucknow) have been analysed in this paper. Mean monthly, percent distribution, expected rainfall at different percent chance, frequency of continuous dry days, daily maximum rainfall, variability of annual rainfall, its distribution and trend have been presented. Monthly data showed a great variability in rainfall. About 76% of rainfall was concentrated in monsoon season. Rabi season received only 9.9% rainfall which will cause failure in Rabi season crop without adequate measures for conserving moisture and without providing irrigation facilities in the region. Weekly rainfall has great importance in crop planning than monthly seasonal or annual rainfall. Probability and frequency analysis of rainfall data have been done which provides more useful tool for application of such data. One year out of every ten years has been found to be drought year.

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